182 Index National Association of Social Workers (NASW): Code of Ethics, 20, 31, 40–42, 47 Native American worldview, 53 negative feelings termination phase, 144 negotiation: for clients, 23, 24, 113, 121 in groups, 132 neighborhoods, 153–157 contemporary stressors for, 151 social work methods and skills, 152 niche, 36 Noah’s Ark principle, 84 nonverbal behaviors, 67 nonverbal communication, 82 online counseling, 30, 41 online resources, 30 open-ended questions, 6 opinion questions, 9 organizational analysis, 160 organizational practice skills: collaboration, 161 conflict-oriented strategies, 161–162 demonstration and presentation, 161 group action, 162 implementation phase, 162 persuasion, 161 polite, respectful disobedience, 162 organizational practice tasks, 161 organizational analysis, 160 preparation, 159–160 receptive climate development, 160 organizational self-awareness, 160 organizations: accountability in, 158 chain of command in, 158–159 community, 32 discomfort creation and management in, 160, 161 division of labor and, 159 groups sanctions and supports from, 85 interpersonal forces in, 160 maladaptive transactions between clients and, 158–159 personal positioning in, 160 physical environment of, 110, 113 professional interests in, 159 social environment in, 110 structural position in, 160–161 teaching methods and skills for, 162–164 outcome evaluations, 24, 66 parent-child system, of family, 118–119 partner system, of family, 118, 123, 124 peer learning, 4–5 peer supervision, 107 people of color, 29 poverty of, 30 social welfare programs for, 32 personalized learning, 8–9 personal positioning, in organizations, 160 personal style, professional practice integration with, 7–8 personal values, 20, 21, 41, 42, 46 person:environment, 22–24, 34, 63 assessment on, 103, 121 groups and, 131 persuasion, as organizational practice skill, 161 persuasive and assertive skills, 112 physical disabilities, 54 physical environments: built and natural world in, 110, 111, 113 environmental stressors and, 110–111 of organizations, 110, 113 physical setting, for groups, 85 physical space, in organizations, 110 policy practice: arenas for, 166 critical thinking for, 22 engagement competencies, 22, 86, 152, 155 social welfare and economic policies for, 22 position statements, 162 poverty, 30, 158 power, abuse of, 36 practice evaluations: competencies for, 24, 66 Goal Attainment Scaling use, 77–78 single-subject design for, 75 Task Achievement Scaling use in, 75–77 teaching methods for, 74–78 practice-informed research, competencies for, 21–22, 31 practice situation, role-play description of, 14 practitioner style, 42 precontemplation stage of change, 64 preparation: for ending helping process phase, 143–144 as organizational practice task, 159–160 preparation or preliminary phase, in helping process, 43–44 anticipatory empathy, 81 families beginnings, 83 groups beginnings, 83–85 group work service creation, 88–90 nonverbal communication, 82 practice modality, 85, 90 teaching methods for, 86–90 TI considerations, 82 privilege, 58 white, 55–56 privileged communication, 41 problem-focused agencies, 37 problem-solving, 35 process and product, of assessment, 67–68 process recording form, 106–107, 173–174 process teaching strategies, 4–7 professional decision-making, 41 professional interests, in organizations, 159 professional practice, personal style integration with, 7–8 protective factors, 36–37, 100