450 Index
integration, 85, 86–93; barriers to, 89; and Iraq, 47, 298, 305, 361, 408; U.S. invasion of,
currencies, 89, 91, 352; economic, 95, 98, 15, 352, 368
112; in the future, 343, 344, 413; and Ireland, 192, 270, 301, 373, 405; development
globalization, 83, 89, 100, 352–56; of in, 129, 162; economic freedom in, 171;
postsocialist countries, 339; regional, migration to, 30; neoliberalism in, 208
352–56; of U.S., 89, 113 ISI.See Integrated Success Index
intellectual property rights, 297–98, 389–90, Islamic countries, 22, 226, 315, 414;
394 development in, 36, 66, 289, 290, 316;
intelligence services, 21–22, 209, 241, 342 history of, 52, 56–57, 63, 74. See also Arab
Inter-American Development Bank, 210 countries; Middle East
interdependence, 85, 93–97; and capitalism, Israel, 33, 168, 338, 348, 375
98–99; and currencies, 96–97, 118; and Istituto Bruno Leoni (Italy), 16
development, 256; of fi nancial markets, 95, Italy, 75, 229, 375; debt of, 192; defi cits of,
182; and globalization, 83, 101, 109, 110, 189, 196; development in, 136, 273, 301;
112; and interdisciplinary studies, 396; of economic freedom in, 172; leisure time in,
labor, 92; limits of, 96–97; problems of, 221; and neoliberalism, 212; population of,
97, 125; and regional groups, 355; vs. 373, 377; and regional groups, 31, 97; size
nation-states, 278–79; and war, 406 of the state in, 245
interdisciplinary studies, 39, 79, 393, 396 Ivory Coast, 193
interest rates, 185, 196, 197, 201, 202
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Jamaica, 133, 172, 379
(U.N.; IPCC), 179, 364–65 Japan: agricultural subsidies in, 85; and
International Labor Organization (ILO), 86 China, 61, 229, 353; currency of, 120;
International Monetary Fund (IMF), 131, 143, debt of, 192; democracy score of, 168;
186, 194, 202, 308; end of, 413; and development in, 44, 66, 136, 162, 166,
Indonesia, 328; and neoliberalism, 210, 227–28, 289; economic crisis in, 211, 212;
212; and Poland, 214; and Russia, 237, 238; and exchange rates, 202; foreign relations
and wages, 106–7 of, 339, 409; GDP of, 58, 59, 228; and
Internet, 110, 128, 408; in 1989, 45; access to, globalization, 94, 99; income in, 54, 106,
105, 141–42, 402; and culture, 37, 312, 347; 138, 174; inequalities in, 138, 174; and
economy of, 28, 37, 86, 336; in the future, Millennium Development Goals, 273; as
342, 392, 393, 397–403, 416; and model, 208, 242; natural disasters in, 132;
geography, 103; and interdependence, 93; opening of, 63; population of, 55, 373, 375,
and NGOs, 356–57; as public service, 380, 436n22; and regional groups, 97, 354;
114; in social market economies, 254; size of the state in, 245; vs. India, 235,
standardization of, 124; and terrorism, 436n21; vs. neoliberalism, 227–28; vs.
405; wireless, 398–400 Russia, 375
invention, 66, 289, 290, 389, 391, 392–93, 396 Jerusalem, 50, 51
investment: in China, 88, 196, 211, 233; Jordan, 142, 305
Chinese, 189; in coincidence theory, 329, Juan Carlos (king of Spain), 405
330, 331; and development, 152, 156, 258–61, Jubilee 2000, 356
265, 280, 281, 346; direct foreign, 186–87, Juncker, Jean-Claude, 32
194–95; and exchange rates, 197, 201; and Justice Shares (Iran), 5
globalization, 249, 339; in human capital,
389; in less-developed countries, 194–95, Kalff, Donald, 435n14
196, 211, 346; models of, 320; and Kazakhstan, 134, 354
neoliberalism, 211, 252; and poverty, 382; Kenya, 130, 176, 193, 391, 398–99
and pro-growth lobby, 335; and savings, Keynesianism, 207, 287, 319, 320, 327; Neo-,
95, 196; in U.S., 202; vs. stagnation, 152 325–26; and neoliberalism, 208, 228
IPCC.See Intergovernmental Panel on KGB (Soviet Union), 22, 426n18
Climate Change Khmer Empire, 44, 177–78
IRA (Irish Republican Army), 405 Khomeini, Ayatollah, 45
Iran, 57, 354, 391, 428n5; democracy in, 167, 306; Khrushchev, Nikita, 232
economic freedom in, 171, 172; history of, Kirchner, Cristina Fernández de, 313
45, 50; Justice Shares in, 5; and U.S., 226, 338 Kissinger, Henry, 232