440 10. The Uncertain Future
20 . Fukuyama, The End of History and the Last Man (New York: Free Press,
1992). pp. 9–10.
21 . See “A World of Connections: A Special Report on Telecoms,” The
Economist , April 28, 2007.
22 . Jack Hirshleifer writes about ways of overcoming the economic conse-
quences of thermonuclear war in Economic Behavior in Adversity (Brighton,
UK: Wheatsheaf Books, 1987).
23 . In 2001, John E. Bortle, the retired fi re chief of Westchester, New York,
proposed a system for measuring the darkness of the night sky on a scale of 1
to 9, which has gained acceptance among amateur astronomers. Bortle is a
columnist for Sky & Telescope magazine, www.shopatsky.com.
24 . See Mark Abley, Spoken Here: Travels Among Threatened Languages
(Montreal: Vintage Canada, 2004).