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Generalist Practice: A Task-Centered Approach, Second Edition Page 8 (22 of 532)
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8 Introduction
Society
Community
Organizations
Family
Individual
Target
Problem
figure 1 Systems and Target Problems
the individual, rather than the problem, is nested in the center of the
concentric circles. We have placed the problem at the center, because it
is the target of change in this approach to practice.
Examination of the various systems within the concentric circles en-
ables us to consider how each contributes to the existence of the prob-
lem. The example of a child failing academically has already been used
to illustrate this kind of examination. Consider another example: child
abuse or neglect.
Individual: the child might be “hard-to-manage.”
Family: the parent(s) might be deficient in resources, problem-solving
skills, or impulse control.
Organization: child welfare workers might be overloaded and parent
education nonexistent.
Community: the community might be transient and without the ca-
pacity to provide social support.
Society: this society tends to regard children as property.
(Garbarino 1982)
