276 Index
Spitzer, R. L.,145 Taboos: children’s sexuality and family,
STDs,see Sexually Transmitted Diseases 105,112,204; homosexuality and
Stein, Gertrude,188 cultural,28–30,224,225
Stereotypes, positive,48,189 Teachers,59
Stigma,4,60,184; African American Theory, data and grounded,249–51
gays and,220–22; African American Therapists,17,41,58; being asked to
lesbians and,218–20; anticipatory “convert” gay child,175; bisexuals
courtesy,82; Asians and,224; of and,238; coaching parents away from
bisexuality,146; courtesy,22,82, children’s appearance and on com-
96–97,160,205–8; double,218–21, munication,181–82; encountering
224; family affair of managing, homophobic parents,178; engaging
214–15; family sensitization, isola- fathers,210–12; mutual avoidance
tion and,4–8; homosexual, x, xiv,5; and family,26; reaching for posi-
parental fear and religious,97–98; tives,209–10; tolerating intolerance,
peer harassment, parents and, 124–26; trust with,63; working on
7–8,64,164; public,22,96,205; self,47–48; youth speaking about
race, ethnicity, stigma and,218–21; sexual orientation with,41–45;see also
siblings of gays/lesbians and,243, Treatment
245; structural dimension of,5–6, Therapy: cognitive behavioral,60;
45; vicarious,22,205; white parents “curative” conversion/reparative,
managing,215; youth coping with, 144–45,147; family discovery crisis
7,62,79,105,128,229 and family,131–33; precoming-out
Stone Fish, L.,42,43,178 subphase and family,62–63; recovery
Straight Parents, Gay Children (Bern- and family,176–82;see also Treatment
stein),129 Tomboys: behavior,19,159;see also
Strohl, D.,5 Lesbians
Suicide: coming out and attempts at,3, Transgender Emergence: Therapeutic
68–70,85,110,148,194; ideation and Guidelines for Working with Gender-
precoming-out subphase and,54–55; Variant People and Their Families
thoughts of,7,50,51,52,54 (Lev),243
Support: confidants’ trust and,139–42; Transgender youth,159–60,240–43,247
sharing and,135; treatment and get- Trauma, positive aspects of,183–84
ting outside,127–29; youth groups Treatment: during family discovery
and,56,113,219,223; youth needing crisis,122–33; family recovery and,
parents’,55–58 174–82; family sensitization and im-
Suspicion: daughters and parental, plications for,41–47; family therapy,
17–22,52; initial phase of family 46–47,62–63,131–33,176–82,209–15;
discovery/adjustment and,17–31; getting outside support and,127–29;
inklings, denial and,23–27; not individual sessions with youth,
discussed,20–21; parental guilt 41–45,59–62,126–27,176; separate
and,21–23; parents without,27–31; sessions with parents,122–26,174–75;
reasons for parental,17–20; sons and therapists working on self,47–48;
parental,19–20,22–31,51;see also working with children before coming
Coming out out,41–45; working with environ-
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