274 Index
Parents (continued) implications and summary with,
117,119,126,128–29,132,146,149,153, 227–30; double stigma and,218–21;
169–70,172–73,176,179,191,194–96, ethnicity and,216–30; gender issues
207,248; downside to,138–39; family and,221–22; as inconsequential,
recovery, parental adjustment and, 226–27; Latino families and,223–24;
136–39 West Indian families and,224–26
Peer harassment,5–7,64,152; stigma, Reactions: family discovery and parents’,
parents and,7–8,64,164 81–133; parental,82–99;see also Paren-
PFLAG;see Parents, Families and tal reactions
Friends of Lesbians and Gays Reciprocity,34,40,174,187,192–93,
Physical harm,91–94; children and,5–6; 199–200,227,251; family relation-
see also Violence ships improved with relief and,151–57
Physical health: environments conducive Recovery;see Family recovery
to,20; isolation and fear’s influence Recruitment, research methodology
on,6–7 and,247–49
Pogrebin, Letty Cottin,1 Reframes, positive,131–33
Ponse, B.,8 Regenesis,184
Pornography,3; gay,72–75 Rejection,42; within families,39–40,
Positive reframes,131–33 62,158; parental reactions and fear of,
Poverty, whites, ethnic groups and, 86–87; peer rejection,4,39,44; from
216–17 societal groups, x
Prayer,144–45 Relationships: discussing sexuality
Precoming-out subphase: coming-out and family, xi; family discovery and
and,49–63; family therapy and, changes in,99–120; improved fam-
62–63; individual counseling with ily,113–17; intense,2,17–19,76–77;
youth and,59–62; parent-child monogamy and committed,149–50;
interaction and,58; suicide ideation power of family, xiii; relief, reciproc-
and,54–55; youth in need of parental ity and improving family,151–57;
support and,55–58 romantic,66–67; sons and mothers,
Pressures, to “act straight,”34–36,40 x–xii, xiii,9–12; stigma as func-
Professionals: counselors,59–62; non- tion of,4; unchanged father-child,
judgmental help and,59–60; teach- 197–201
ers,59;see also Therapists Relief: family relationships improved
Protestants,98 with reciprocity and,151–57; feelings
Prozac,150 of,81,113–14,127; parental reactions,
Public stigma,22,96,205 youth and,87–90; parent-child inter-
action, closeness and,174
Questions: helps/hindrances to parental Religion: “cure” of changing sexual ori-
adjustment,250; how parents’ entation through prayer, counseling
reaction influences child,250; how and,144–45;see also specific religions
parents react to child coming out, Religious conflicts,97–99,184,252
249–50; primary research,249–50 Religious stigma,97–98
Renewal,see Family renewal, gift of
Race: Asian families and,224; clinical gay/lesbian child and
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