Foreword xi
were the ones with whom sons or daughters had an easier time dealing with
the issues of coming out and, in general, staying connected.
LaSala says: “Fathers tend to live on the outside edge of the emotional
lives of their families.” Only seventeen fathers agreed to talk with him com-
pared to sixty-two mothers; thirteen of the children had little or no relation-
ship with their fathers. Sometimes, as has been shown in other research,
fathers remembered their relationships with their children more positively
than children did. Many families found themselves in the common triangle
where the father’s only communication with the children is through what
the mother relays to him or is left out of the loop altogether. Many of the
children in LaSala’s study reported that their fathers knew of their sexuality,
but only twenty-six had told them directly; in the other families, mothers
informed fathers. LaSala also discusses the socialization of fathers, which
teaches all men that homosexuality is incompatible with real masculinity or
full manhood. Fathers have been raised not only to look down upon homo-
sexuality but generally to fear it in themselves. LaSala wonders whether
fathers choose to be peripheral in the lives of their children and then families
organize around them or whether families keep fathers distant. This is an
important clinical dilemma, because, as family therapists, we need to work
hard to change this pattern.
Generally lesbian and gay youth do not disclose their sexual orientation
until they have become somewhat comfortable with themselves. LaSala rec-
ommends having great respect for the distance that parents and children seem
to need for a period of time, until the youth are comfortable discussing their
identity. LaSala’s careful descriptions of parent-child relationships conveys
the important point that parents and children sometimes feel close and con-
nected even though the child has not discussed his or her sexual orientation.
For one thing, because in our culture parents and children are expected to
avoid discussing their sexuality with each other, families can share many other
things though they keep silence about that one thing. It is important not
to undermine the connections between parents and children even as they
are in a phase of development where they are not yet ready to deal with all
the issues between them. Indeed, this is probably true for most families at
certain points of development. LaSala’s respect for the complexity of family
relationships, and the timing of opening up extremely difficult issues that
challenge what family members mean to each other, is a critical insight in
many situations. LaSala conveys that in this developmental phase parent-
child closeness may require more nuanced understanding. Mothers and sons
01_lasala14382_fm.indd 11 3/10/10 12:50:44 PM