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Index  273 National Association of Social Workers, 86–87; feeling good about being 175 gay and,90–91; loss and mourning, Native Americans, cross-gendered be- 84–86; parent-child boundaries, mu- havior and culture,159–60,189 tual distancing and,120–22; relieved Nature,21; gay as nurture or,142–47 youth and,87–90; self-blame,82–84, Navratilova, Martina,188 94; signs of hope and,126; tolerating Negative case example, parental adjust- intolerance and,124–26; treatment ment and,158 during family discovery crisis and, Nichols, M. P.,5 122–33 Nicolosi, Joseph,144 Parents: coming out to African Ameri- NIMBY (not in my backyard),61,100 can or white,220–21; as confidants, Nurture,21; gay as nature or,142–47;see 58; conflict between children and, also Homosexuality 31–36; confronting children about sexual orientation,72–79; depres- O’Donnell, Rosie,55 sion and,82,87,88,89,95,125,134, Oedipal complex, reverse,39 149,154,172,186,248; distress about Oppression,165,196–97; addressing children’s safety, ix, xiii–xiv,22,81, in therapy,228–30; family as buffer 89,91–94,181–82,202–5,224; diver- against, xiv,217 gent perceptions of children and, Oprah Winfrey Show,142 27–31,106–10,169–73,200–201; fam- Out,46 ily sensitization, suspicion and,17–21, Out proud,128 27–31; family sensitization, suspicion and guilt of,21–23; fears of rejection Parental adjustment: bisexuality as gate- by,4,42,49,179,182; focusing on way sexual orientation with coming communication and not children’s out and,64,146–47,231–35; child’s appearance,181–82; guilt with African influence and,147–51; family recovery American,217; guilt with white,217; and helpful elements for,135–58; happy children, families and proud, fathers and,157–58; helps and hin- 185–87; lesbian/gay children and drances to (interview questions),250; lucky,188–93; maelstrom of feel- innate reality at birth and,142–47; ings, ix, x,2; participating in study, negative case example and,158; 248–49; precoming-out subphase, PFLAG and,136–39; relief, reciproc- anxious youth and mystified,49–63; ity and,151–57; sharing, support and, precoming-out subphase and interac- 135; support of trusted confidants tion of children and,58; precoming- and,139–42; transgender youth and, out subphase and support of,55–58; 240–43; what helped,135–58; what reactions,81–133; religious stigma hindered,158–73 and,97–99; stigma, peer harassment Parental reactions: changes in relation- and,7–8,64,164; therapists encoun- ships during family discovery and, tering homophobic,178; treatment 99–120; family discovery and,81–133; and separate sessions with,122–26, family discovery phase summary of, 174–75;see also Suspicion 120–22; fear and worry,91–99,163– Parents, Families and Friends of Lesbi- 69,180,181,202–9; fear of rejection, ans and Gays (PFLAG),24,46,70, 11_lasala14382_idx.indd 273 3/10/10 1:57:18 PM

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